Final Year Project Proposal and Progress Report Submission
Submitted the project proposal and progress report to the supervisor! Done with FYP 1 :)
Wednesday, 14 November 2012
Week 13.3
Final Year Project Proposal and Progress Report
Chapter
3
Methodology
3.1 Introduction
This
chapter will discuss on the method on carrying out the research on efficiency
of lighting system between LED and fluorescent.
3.2 Flow Chart
The
main focus of this study is to provide a report on the efficiency of lighting
systems and fluorescent lamp and to
develop a prototype of an LED based lamp. The study of efficiency will consist
of preparing important parameters to compare both material used. The important
parameters are:-
- · purchase price (RM)
- · electricity usage (Watt)
- · Lumens per Watt
- · color temperature (Kelvin)
- · life span (hours)
While
a prototype of an LED-based lamp will be designed, tested and operated at a
normal room temperature condition. The prototype lamp will consist of four
clusters of white LEDs mounted on the flat surface panel and will be covered
with a lens diffuser. The lens diffuser will disperse the light like the normal
fluorescent light.
Week 13.2
Final Year Project Proposal and Progress Report
Chapter 2
Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
This
chapter will discuss on the lighting systems, the detailed information on LED
and CFL, the previous and current research regarding both components.
2.2 Lighting Systems
Lighting or illumination is the
deliberate use of light to achieve a practical or aesthetic effect. Lighting
includes the use of both artificial light sources like lamps and light
fixtures, as well as natural illumination by capturing daylight. Day lighting
(using windows, skylights, or light shelves) is sometimes used as the main
source of light during daytime in buildings. This can save energy in place of
using artificial lighting, which represents a major component of energy
consumption in buildings. Proper lighting can enhance task performance, improve
the appearance of an area, or have positive psychological effects on occupants.
Indoor
lighting is usually accomplished using light fixtures, and is a key part of
interior design. Lighting can also be an intrinsic component of landscape
projects.
Week 13.1
Final Year Project Proposal and Progress Report
Chapter 1
Introduction
1.1 Introduction
This
chapter will discuss on the project background, project statement, objectives
and limitation of the research study.
1.2 Project Background
This
research study is titled as ‘Efficiency of Lighting System between LED and
Fluorescent’. The purpose of this research study is to analyze on the
efficiency of two different components, Light Emitting Diode (LED) and Compact
Fluorescent Lamp (CFL) as the source of main lighting system. This research
study is divided into two parts; hardware implementation and research analysis.
In the hardware part, an LED lamp
will be designed. It will include the casing of the lamp and constructing the
wiring diagram. The lamp will be designed especially to replace the traditional
fluorescent lamp in homes and offices. The output power and voltage will be
taken into account in designing the LED lamp. This is to ensure that the lamp
is efficient and cost effective.
In the research analysis part, the
two components; LED and CFL will be compared. The comparison includes
parameters such as its purchase price, electricity usage, Lumens per Watt,
color temperature and its life span.
Then, the research will conclude on which components are better in terms
of all parameters and suitable to replace the traditional fluorescent lamp.
1.5 Scope of Project / Limitation
The
limitation of this research study is the lack of information on the effort to
replace the fluorescent lamps with LEDs. Although there are many researches on
the various applications of LEDs in engineering field, the information on the
lighting for homes and offices are limited. In Malaysia, there are a few of LED
applications. Hence, this research study gets little local references while most
of the research is relying on the foreign researches and results. This also
creates barrier such as the geographical and climates differences and therefore
some of the analysis cannot be applied in Malaysia.
1.6 Summary
LED has the potential to become the alternative lighting
systems. With further research and analysis, this theory can be proved and will
be beneficial to all.
Week 12.3
Final Year Project Proposal and Progress Report
BUDGET
|
NO
|
ITEM
|
QUANTITY
|
PRICE PER UNIT (RM)
|
PRICE (RM)
|
|
1
|
LED
5 Watt
|
10
|
15.00
|
150.00
|
|
2
|
Compact
Fluorescent Lamp 18 Watt
|
1
|
20.00
|
20.00
|
|
3
|
Aluminium
Casing
|
1
|
20.00
|
20.00
|
|
4
|
LED
lamp socket with lens diffuser
|
3
|
20.00
|
60.00
|
|
5
|
Wiring
components
|
|
10.00
|
10.00
|
|
6
|
Stationeries:
|
|
|
|
|
|
Printing
|
50.00
|
50.00
|
|
|
Photocopy
|
10.00
|
10.00
|
||
|
Binding
|
10.00
|
10.00
|
||
|
|
TOTAL
|
RM 330.00
|
||
CONCLUSION
The
research study will produce a new lighting system using LEDs to replace
traditional lighting system. It is clear that using LEDs to replace the
traditional lighting devices are possible. Protection circuits such as current,
voltage and temperature are needed to increase the reliability. These actions
will help to overcome the LEDs disadvantages.
With
the LED lamp prototype, it will help to introduce people with the capability of
LEDs to replace the conventional lighting system. Other than its environmental
friendly features, it is also designable according to the position and
situation.
With this research study, it is
hoped that the use of fluorescent lamps will be reduced in the near future.
This study will also be beneficial to the electronic industry as more research
will be made to fully utilize the use of LEDs.
Week 12.2
Final Year Project Proposal and Progress Report
OBJECTIVE
The
aim of the project is to provide a full research report on the efficiency of
lighting systems between LED and fluorescent lamps.
The
objectives of the project are:
- § To research on the LEDs lighting technology.
- § To compare the efficiency between LEDs and fluorescent lamps.
- § To provide a solution for indoor lighting system.
- § To provide an alternative lighting system using LEDs.
CONTRIBUTIONS
Based
on the objectives above, this research study is to provide an alternative
lighting system to replace the conventional lighting that is not efficient and
hazardous. The main contributions of the study are:-
- § To give clear and concise comparison of efficiency between LEDs and CFLs
- § To expose people with the new alternative of LED lighting systems for home and offices
- § To acknowledge the advancements of LED technology
With
this study, it is hoped that it will be beneficial and able to educate people
with the importance of conserving the energy for a better future.
Week 12.1
Final Year Project Proposal and Progress Report
PROBLEM STATEMENT
PROBLEM STATEMENT
With
the current effort to minimize energy costs and to fulfill the green environment
mission, some countries are considering an alternative to replace the use of
fluorescent lamps in offices and schools. Fluorescent lamps are known as the
traditional way of lighting system since 1950s but have poor service life and
hazardous. Advancements were made with the introduction of Compact Fluorescent
Lamp (CFL), the miniature version of the fluorescent lamp.
As
the technology grows, the uses of LEDs are evolving. From the simple use of
light indicator, it evolves into an LED-based lamp. For these breakthroughs in
lighting systems, it is important to compare the efficiency between both
systems and to provide a solution to a better and efficient lighting system.
Week 10
Final Year Project Presentation
On Thursday 11th October, the final year project presentation for FYP was held in Gemilang Hall.
My two assessors was Mdm Naszariah Mohd Noor and Sir Izwan Arief Abd Malik. The session was good and both assessors gave their commitments during my presentation. They asked questions regarding my project and gave me tips on what to improve in the next stage of project.
One of the assessors also reminded me that my project is not something new but is poorly implemented in Malaysia. therefore, i must come out with a convincing outcomes of the project.
On Thursday 11th October, the final year project presentation for FYP was held in Gemilang Hall.
My two assessors was Mdm Naszariah Mohd Noor and Sir Izwan Arief Abd Malik. The session was good and both assessors gave their commitments during my presentation. They asked questions regarding my project and gave me tips on what to improve in the next stage of project.
One of the assessors also reminded me that my project is not something new but is poorly implemented in Malaysia. therefore, i must come out with a convincing outcomes of the project.
Saturday, 6 October 2012
Week 9.1
Final Year Project Briefing
Another FYP 1 briefing was held on Thursday, 4th October 2012 by Dr Khairil and Sir Samsul. We were again reminded to check the outline given to get the proposal done correctly. We were also briefed with the guideline for FYP presentation which will be held on Week 10.
Guideline for FYP presentation:
-Abstract
-Introduction / Objective
-Problem Statement
-Methodology
-Block Diagram
-Work Plan
-Conclusion
-Reference
Each student much not exceeds 14 slides for their presentation.
Another FYP 1 briefing was held on Thursday, 4th October 2012 by Dr Khairil and Sir Samsul. We were again reminded to check the outline given to get the proposal done correctly. We were also briefed with the guideline for FYP presentation which will be held on Week 10.
Guideline for FYP presentation:
-Abstract
-Introduction / Objective
-Problem Statement
-Methodology
-Block Diagram
-Work Plan
-Conclusion
-Reference
Each student much not exceeds 14 slides for their presentation.
Week 9
Final Year Project Proposal
Submitted draft of proposal and slides for FYP presentation to Sir Halim.
Submitted draft of proposal and slides for FYP presentation to Sir Halim.
Week 7
Final Year Project Briefing
Another FYP 1 briefing was held on Thursday, 13th September 2012 by Miss Nurul. We were briefed on the marking scheme of Non SLT and SLT students. Also, we were enlightened with how to completed our project proposal.
Items needed for project proposal:
-Introduction
-Problem Statement
-Aim
-Objectives
-Project Scope
-Statement of Hypotheses
-Significant of Studies
-Limitation
-Expected Outcome and Conclusion
-Reference
Another FYP 1 briefing was held on Thursday, 13th September 2012 by Miss Nurul. We were briefed on the marking scheme of Non SLT and SLT students. Also, we were enlightened with how to completed our project proposal.
Items needed for project proposal:
-Introduction
-Problem Statement
-Aim
-Objectives
-Project Scope
-Statement of Hypotheses
-Significant of Studies
-Limitation
-Expected Outcome and Conclusion
-Reference
Week 6
Final Year Project Proposal
LED Lighting circuit diagram
Understanding LED Lighting circuit:
1. Source AC will be converted into DC
2. DC will be split according to the number of LED panels used.
LED Lighting circuit diagram
Understanding LED Lighting circuit:
1. Source AC will be converted into DC
2. DC will be split according to the number of LED panels used.
Friday, 7 September 2012
Week 5
Final Year Project Proposal
Sorting out my project proposal needs based on the information that I have gathered.
Title Page - descriptive title
Efficiency of Lighting Systems between LED and Fluorescent lamp.
Introduction - context of the proposed project, explain background of study
LED is a solid state lamp that uses light-emitting diodes as the source of light. LED lamps offer long service life and high energy efficiency.
Fluorescent lamp is a gas-discharged lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor.
Problem Statement - short summary of the research problem
*pending*
Literature Review - short and precise overview about the present state of research, important contributions
1. Reference from book/magazine/journal
2. Reference from internet
Methodology - how, what material
Objectives - concise and clear routine of the aims that the researcher want to achieve from the project
Benefits/ Contributions - explorations on how the new findings will contribute to the industry
Work Plan - details on how project will be conducted
Budget - estimation of overall cost of the project
Conclusion - explanation on the possible outcomes of the project
References - websites, journals, articles references
Sorting out my project proposal needs based on the information that I have gathered.
Title Page - descriptive title
Efficiency of Lighting Systems between LED and Fluorescent lamp.
Introduction - context of the proposed project, explain background of study
LED is a solid state lamp that uses light-emitting diodes as the source of light. LED lamps offer long service life and high energy efficiency.
Fluorescent lamp is a gas-discharged lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor.
Problem Statement - short summary of the research problem
*pending*
Literature Review - short and precise overview about the present state of research, important contributions
1. Reference from book/magazine/journal
2. Reference from internet
Methodology - how, what material
Objectives - concise and clear routine of the aims that the researcher want to achieve from the project
Benefits/ Contributions - explorations on how the new findings will contribute to the industry
Work Plan - details on how project will be conducted
Budget - estimation of overall cost of the project
Conclusion - explanation on the possible outcomes of the project
References - websites, journals, articles references
Week 4.1
Final Year Project Research
Hari Raya Break
Information on Fluorescent lamp I have found on the internet.
Hari Raya Break
Information on Fluorescent lamp I have found on the internet.
A fluorescent lamp or fluorescent tube is a gas-discharge lamp that uses electricity to excite mercury vapor. The excited mercury atoms produce short-wave ultraviolet light that then causes a phosphor to fluoresce, producing visible light. A fluorescent lamp converts electrical power into useful light more efficiently than an incandescent lamp. Lower energy cost typically offsets the higher initial cost of the lamp. The lamp fixture is more costly because it requires a ballast to regulate the current through the lamp.
While larger fluorescent lamps have been mostly used in commercial or institutional buildings, the compact fluorescent lamp is now available in the same popular sizes as incandescents and is used as an energy-saving alternative in homes.
Source: Wikipedia
Week 4
Final Year Project Research
Hari Raya Break
Information on LED Lighting that I have found over the internet.
Hari Raya Break
Information on LED Lighting that I have found over the internet.
An LED lamp (or LED light bulb) is a solid-state lamp that uses light-emitting diodes (LEDs) as the source of light. LED lamps offer long service life and high energy efficiency, but initial costs are higher than those of fluorescent and incandescent lamps. Chemical decomposition of LED chips reduces luminous flux over life cycle as with conventional lamps.
The LEDs involved may be conventional semiconductor light-emitting diodes, organic LEDs (OLED), or polymer light-emitting diodes (PLED) devices. However, PLED technologies are not commercially available. Diode technology improves steadily.
LED lamps can be made interchangeable with other types of lamps. Assemblies of high power light-emitting diodes can be used to replace incandescent or fluorescent lamps. Some LED lamps are made with identical bases so that they are directly interchangeable with incandescent bulbs. Since the luminous efficacy (amount of visible light produced per unit of electrical power input) varies widely between LED and incandescent lamps, lamps are usefully marked with their lumen output to allow comparison with other types of lamps. LED lamps are sometimes marked to show the watt rating of an incandescent lamp with approximately the same lumen output, for consumer reference in purchasing a lamp that will provide a similar level of illumination.
Efficiency of LED devices continues to improve, with some chips able to emit more than 100 lumens per watt. LEDs do not emit light in all directions, and their directional characteristics affect the design of lamps. The efficiency of conversion from electric power to light is generally higher than with incandescent lamps. Since the light output of many types of light-emitting diodes is small compared to incandescent and compact fluorescent lamps, in most applications multiple diodes are assembled.
Source: Wikipedia
Week 3.3
Final Year Project Research
Discussed with my supervisor about the two LEDs I have bought earlier on. Compared the 5W and 10W LEDs in terms of price, intensity and brightness. In the end of the discussion, we have come out with the casing design of the LED lamp with the suitable number of LEDs that are going to use in the project.
Discussed with my supervisor about the two LEDs I have bought earlier on. Compared the 5W and 10W LEDs in terms of price, intensity and brightness. In the end of the discussion, we have come out with the casing design of the LED lamp with the suitable number of LEDs that are going to use in the project.
Thursday, 6 September 2012
Week 3.2
Final Year Project Research
Having done some research on the internet, I went to Jalan Pasar, KL to get some hands-on on the instruments that I will use later in the project. Luckily, there are several shops in Jalan Pasar that sell LEDs so that I can get the price compared.
I have settled on a shop that specialized in LED lamp installation for houses and offices. I have bought 2 types of LED; 5W and 10W to compare their light intensity and brightness.
Having done some research on the internet, I went to Jalan Pasar, KL to get some hands-on on the instruments that I will use later in the project. Luckily, there are several shops in Jalan Pasar that sell LEDs so that I can get the price compared.
I have settled on a shop that specialized in LED lamp installation for houses and offices. I have bought 2 types of LED; 5W and 10W to compare their light intensity and brightness.
Week 3.1
Final Year Project Research
I have started my research for reliable websites to get some official information on LEDs and also fluorescent lamps.
I have started my research for reliable websites to get some official information on LEDs and also fluorescent lamps.
Week 2.2
Final Year Project Title Finalized
After having discussed on a various FYP titles, my supervisor and I have agreed on the topic 'Efficiency of Lighting System Between LED and Fluorescent Lamp'. The topic will touch on the power consumption of LEDs and Fluorescent lamp as conventional use.
After having discussed on a various FYP titles, my supervisor and I have agreed on the topic 'Efficiency of Lighting System Between LED and Fluorescent Lamp'. The topic will touch on the power consumption of LEDs and Fluorescent lamp as conventional use.
Week 2.1
Final Year Project Title
During the FYP briefing, they have reminded us to search for titles that related to our course in BMI and it has to be something that we all comfortable to work on. I have consulted my supervisor (Sir Abdul Halim Abdul Rahman) on a few topics that I have shortlisted and discussed.
The topics that I have shortlisted for FYP are:
1. Energy saving emergency light
2. Night light saver
3. Emergency warning light
4. Organic LED (OLED)
5. Voice-controlled lamp dimmer
6. Motion-controlled light
7. LED keyboard
8. Motion sensor for security light
During the FYP briefing, they have reminded us to search for titles that related to our course in BMI and it has to be something that we all comfortable to work on. I have consulted my supervisor (Sir Abdul Halim Abdul Rahman) on a few topics that I have shortlisted and discussed.
The topics that I have shortlisted for FYP are:
1. Energy saving emergency light
2. Night light saver
3. Emergency warning light
4. Organic LED (OLED)
5. Voice-controlled lamp dimmer
6. Motion-controlled light
7. LED keyboard
8. Motion sensor for security light
Week 1
Final Year Project Briefing
Attended the FYP briefing which was held on 31st July 2012 at Dewan Gemilang. The briefing was focusing on the FYP 1 students. We were briefed about what FYP is all about and things related to FYP. The speaker also touched on how to search for FYP titles and also to select a supervisor. The speaker also talked about FYP blog that we need to set up ourselves, to get the supervisor updated. Lastly, the speaker reminded us about the FYP proposal submission and presentation date.
Attended the FYP briefing which was held on 31st July 2012 at Dewan Gemilang. The briefing was focusing on the FYP 1 students. We were briefed about what FYP is all about and things related to FYP. The speaker also touched on how to search for FYP titles and also to select a supervisor. The speaker also talked about FYP blog that we need to set up ourselves, to get the supervisor updated. Lastly, the speaker reminded us about the FYP proposal submission and presentation date.
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